Proposal summaries

These are research proposals that have been approved by the ALSPAC exec. The titles include a B number which identifies the proposal and the date on which the proposals received ALSPAC exec approval.

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B446 - Systematic genotyping in central appetite-regulatory pathways for association with childhood obesity risk - 16/09/2005

B number: 
B446
Principal applicant name: 
Ken Ong (University of Cambridge, UK)
Co-applicants: 
Nick Wareham (University of Cambridge, UK)
Title of project: 
Systematic genotyping in central appetite-regulatory pathways for association with childhood obesity risk
Proposal summary: 

No outline received

Date proposal received: 
Friday, 16 September, 2005
Date proposal approved: 
Friday, 16 September, 2005
Keywords: 
Primary keyword: 

B264 - Pathways to cannabis use and from cannabis use to harm amongst young people - 01/09/2005

B number: 
B264
Principal applicant name: 
Prof John Macleod (University of Bristol, UK)
Co-applicants: 
Prof Matt Hickman (University of Bristol, UK)
Title of project: 
Pathways to cannabis use and from cannabis use to harm amongst young people.
Proposal summary: 

Specific aims of this project are to:

1. Fully exploit data already collected in ALSPAC to investigate trajectories to use of cannabis and other drugs in late adolescence and early adulthood and adverse psychological, educational and social outcomes associated with these pathways.

2. Collect new data on ALSPAC children in late adolescence and early adulthood so that the resource has data on the whole of childhood - from before birth to the onset of adulthood allowing investigation of effects of exposures both cumulatively and during critical time periods, such as pregnancy, infancy, puberty and adolescence, on outcomes measured in late adolescence and around the onset of adulthood.

3. Obtain consent for and establish mechanisms of linkage between individual ALSPAC study participants and routine sources of data on educational, social and health outcomes that may be influenced by exposure to cannabis and other drugs.

The project will realise these aims through meeting the following objectives:

* Objective 1:To obtain detailed and objective measurement of frequency, quantity, route of administration, form of drug used and dependence on cannabis and other drugs through a clinic based assessment at age 17 (including collection of biological samples) and a postal questionnaire at age 19

* Objective 2: To measure psychotic like symptoms in a clinic based assessment at age 17 and a postal questionnaire at age 19.

* Objective 3: To measure involvement in antisocial and other risky behaviour, sibling drug use, social position and labour market participation through a postal questionnaire at age 19.

* Objective 4: To develop the methodology necessary to allow individual linkage to routine health and social outcome data and to extend linkage already established (with parental consent) to educational outcome data to these other data sources after obtaining individual consent at an age 17 clinic.

* Objective 5: To examine direct associations between currently established candidate polymorphisms and candidate polymorphisms that emerge during the lifetime of the project on trajectories and level of cannabis use, and to use such polymorphisms as unconfounded measures of cannabis intake to look at associations between cannabis use and related harm.

* Objective 6: To examine possible gene-environment interactions involving such genotypes in relation to the outcomes considered in this project.

* Objective 7: To use ALSPAC data already collected along with data collected as described above to clarify causal pathways to onset and progression of cannabis use, to use of other drugs and to the adverse outcomes associated with such use, attributable risks of key causal exposures and most promising targets for effective intervention.

* Objective 8: To establish a resource that will allow consideration of these questions in relation to adverse health and social outcomes apparent beyond the lifetime of the project.

Date proposal received: 
Thursday, 1 September, 2005
Date proposal approved: 
Thursday, 1 September, 2005
Keywords: 
Substance Use
Primary keyword: 

B261 - Diet in relation to increasing body fatness in childhood - 01/09/2005

B number: 
B261
Principal applicant name: 
Dr Pauline Emmett (University of Bristol, UK)
Co-applicants: 
Dr Kate Northstone (University of Bristol, UK)
Title of project: 
Diet in relation to increasing body fatness in childhood.
Proposal summary: 

Childhood obesity is a major problem in westernised countries. It strongly tracks with adult obesity, a major modifiable risk factor for cancer. Higher levels of body fatness are associated with Westernised life styles of which diet is a potentially modifiable component. Studies that have concentrated on nutrient-obesity associations have often failed to show consistent relationships. The study of dietary patterns over time may be more informative, as foods or nutrients are not eaten in isolation.

This project will use data collected by the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), a large prospective cohort study. Dietary information has been collected on several occasions throughout childhood using food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) and using 3-day diet diaries at 10 and 13 years of age. Dietary patterns assessed by principal components analysis and cluster analysis will be considered as the primary exposures. Total body fatness and lean tissue mass have been assessed at 9, 11, 13 and 15 years of age by Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA). We will investigate the relationships between dietary patterns throughout childhood and the fatness of the children, with particular focus on the children who increase in fatness between 9 and 15 years.

Date proposal received: 
Thursday, 1 September, 2005
Date proposal approved: 
Thursday, 1 September, 2005
Keywords: 
Diet, Obesity
Primary keyword: 

B259 - Reducing emotional distress in adolescence the role of the school in influencing vulnerability and resilience - 01/09/2005

B number: 
B259
Principal applicant name: 
Dr Judi Kidger (University of Bristol, UK)
Co-applicants: 
Prof David Gunnell (University of Bristol, UK), Prof Glyn Lewis (University of Bristol, UK), Dr Jonathan Evans (University of Bristol, UK), Dr Jon Heron (University of Bristol, UK)
Title of project: 
Reducing emotional distress in adolescence: the role of the school in influencing vulnerability and resilience.
Proposal summary: 

The proposed study is part of a wider application to the MRC for a postdoctoral Special Research Training Fellowship in Health Services and Health of the Public Research. The overall theme of the application is the causes of emotional distress in early to mid adolescence and the support needs of those who experience this, with a particular focus on the school context, in terms of risk factors and potential avenues of support. The aim of this particular study is to assess incidence and school-related risk factors for deliberate self-harm in 14-15 year olds in ALSPAC. The young people in the sample have already been asked during their clinic interviews at age 11 about episodes of self-harm and suicidal thoughts (frequency, timing and nature of episodes). The children were asked the following questions: (a) "Have you thought of killing yourself?" (b) "Have you ever hurt yourself on purpose?" (c) "Have you ever made plans to kill yourself?" (d) "Have you actually tried to kill yourself?". I propose to build on this data, by including several questions in the questionnaires to be sent out to the ALSPAC teenagers at age 14-15 years.

Date proposal received: 
Thursday, 1 September, 2005
Date proposal approved: 
Thursday, 1 September, 2005
Keywords: 
Education
Primary keyword: 

B257 - Socioeconomic patterning of cognitive function in children - 01/09/2005

B number: 
B257
Principal applicant name: 
Dr Bruna Galobardes (University of Bristol, UK)
Co-applicants: 
Title of project: 
Socioeconomic patterning of cognitive function in children.
Proposal summary: 

Background. Cognitive function and intelligence quotient (IQ) have been related with adult mortality in some but not all studies. IQ was not related to coronary heart disease or stroke after the age of 651 and childhood IQ was not related to mortality in women2. Adjustment for socioeconomic circumstances partly explains this association3. Furthermore, childhood cognitive ability could determine school performance and thus, influence later socioeconomic position. Research in this area is limited and ASLPAC offers a unique opportunity to investigate whether cognitive function is already socially patterned at a young age.

Objective. The objective of this project is to investigate whether cognitive function in childhood is socially distributed, using different aspects of cognitive function and different measures of socioeconomic position.

Main variables for this project. We will need variables measuring cognitive function (e.g. McArthur Communicative Development Inventory at 20 months, Pre-School Language Scales (PLS-3), McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities at 36 months, etc.), family background details, and the primary carer's verbal functioning (Mill Hill Vocabulary Scale), are and individual socioeconomic position indicators, socio demographic characteristics and school characteristics.

Statistical analysis. We will assess the social patterning of cognitive function in the children, with particular attention to using different indicators of life course socioeconomic position to describe this distribution. We will conduct multiple regression analysis. Sensitivity analyses will be carried out to explore the degree to which misclassification of both exposures and confounders could influence the observed effect estimates.

References.

1. Hart CL, Taylor MD, Smith GD, et al. Childhood IQ and cardiovascular disease in adulthood: prospective observational study linking the Scottish Mental Survey 1932 and the Midspan studies. Soc Sci Med 2004;59:2131-8.

2. Kuh D, Richards M, Hardy R, Butterworth S, Wadsworth ME. Childhood cognitive ability and deaths up until middle age: a post-war birth cohort study. Int J Epidemiol 2004;33:408-13.

3. Huisman M, Kunst AE, Mackenbach JP. Intelligence and socioeconomic inequalities in health. Lancet 2005;366:807-8.

Date proposal received: 
Thursday, 1 September, 2005
Date proposal approved: 
Thursday, 1 September, 2005
Keywords: 
Cognitive Function
Primary keyword: 

B256 - The origins and outcomes of persisting phonological impairment - 01/09/2005

B number: 
B256
Principal applicant name: 
Prof Susan Roulstone (University of the West of England (UWE), Bristol)
Co-applicants: 
Title of project: 
The origins and outcomes of persisting phonological impairment.
Proposal summary: 

* To establish prevalence figures for SI at ages 5 and 8 years.

* To identify factors that are predictive of SI at ages 5 and 8 years.

* To describe the profiles of children with SI at 5 and 8 years in terms of language skills,

behaviour, self esteem and the impact on the child's education and social relations

* To investigate the existence and nature of subgroups of speech problems.

Date proposal received: 
Thursday, 1 September, 2005
Date proposal approved: 
Thursday, 1 September, 2005
Keywords: 
Speech & Language
Primary keyword: 

B410 - Early determinants of dietary salt intake The association of sodium intake in infancy with blood pressure in later life Maternal iron status during pregnancy and offspring blood pressure - 01/08/2005

B number: 
B410
Principal applicant name: 
Dr Marie-Jo Brion (University of Bristol, UK)
Co-applicants: 
Prof Andy Ness (Not used 0, Not used 0), Prof Debbie A Lawlor (University of Bristol, UK), Dr Sam Leary (University of Bristol, UK)
Title of project: 
Early determinants of dietary salt intake. The association of sodium intake in infancy with blood pressure in later life. Maternal iron status during pregnancy and offspring blood pressure
Proposal summary: 

This is a proposal for analysis of the ALSPAC data - and has 5 different research questions:

1.Does dietary sodium intake track from infancy through to age 7? In particular is

dietary sodium intake in the first year of life strongly associated with intake at age

7?

2.Is dietary sodium intake at age 7 greater among children who have experienced

diarrhoea, vomiting and/or dehydration in the first year of life than those who have

not experienced these illnesses? Is there an association between the number of

episodes of diarrhoea/vomiting/dehydration and dietary sodium intake at age 7?

3.Is infant feeding (ever breast fed and duration of breast feeding) related to dietary

sodium intake at age 7?

4.Is birth weight related to dietary sodium intake at age 7?

5.Is childhood socioeconomic position related to dietary sodium intake at age 7?

Date proposal received: 
Monday, 1 August, 2005
Date proposal approved: 
Monday, 1 August, 2005
Keywords: 
Cardiovascular , Diet, Eating disorders
Primary keyword: 

B254 - Assessment of future ovarian reserve in childhood - 01/08/2005

B number: 
B254
Principal applicant name: 
Dr Hany Lashen (University of Sheffield, UK)
Co-applicants: 
Title of project: 
Assessment of future ovarian reserve in childhood.
Proposal summary: 

(No outline received).

Date proposal received: 
Monday, 1 August, 2005
Date proposal approved: 
Monday, 1 August, 2005
Keywords: 
Fertility/Infertility
Primary keyword: 

B253 - Profiling children who stutter - 01/07/2005

B number: 
B253
Principal applicant name: 
Prof Susan Roulstone (University of the West of England (UWE), Bristol)
Co-applicants: 
Title of project: 
Profiling children who stutter.
Proposal summary: 

Stuttering is a disabling condition that can have adverse effects on a child's life in school, and on young adults' occupational choice. Many children experience disruptions to their fluency in their preschool years. However, research has not been able to predict which children are likely to go on to be fluent and which children will go on to stuttering.

Using a study with large numbers, a wealth of data about children's development and unique speech data provides an opportunity to investigate this question. The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children recruited 14000 mothers during their pregnancy. The children were born in 1991/2 and the study has followed them as they have grown up, with questionnaires and assessments. Samples of the children's speech will be analysed to establish which children show stuttered speech. The study will then investigate developmental histories, educational successes and social behaviours to compare children who outgrow their stuttering with those who do not. Identifying which factor predict recovery can inform how therapists select which children need early intervention and also shape the development of therapy approaches and techniques that are needed to help prevent stuttering and its adverse effects.

Date proposal received: 
Friday, 1 July, 2005
Date proposal approved: 
Friday, 1 July, 2005
Keywords: 
Speech & Language
Primary keyword: 

B248 - The role of parental illness beliefs and behaviour in the epidemiology of fatigue in adolescence - 01/06/2005

B number: 
B248
Principal applicant name: 
Dr Nicola Wiles (University of Bristol, UK)
Co-applicants: 
Title of project: 
The role of parental illness beliefs and behaviour in the epidemiology of fatigue in adolescence.
Proposal summary: 

(No outline received).

Date proposal received: 
Wednesday, 1 June, 2005
Date proposal approved: 
Wednesday, 1 June, 2005
Keywords: 
Parenting
Primary keyword: 

B246 - Genetics of obesity - 01/06/2005

B number: 
B246
Principal applicant name: 
Prof Lyle Palmer (University of Western Australia, Australia)
Co-applicants: 
Prof Lon Cardon (University of Bristol, UK), Prof Mark McCarthy (University of Oxford, UK), Prof Paul Burton (University of Leicester, UK), Dr William Knowler (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, USA), Nick Wareham (University of Cambridge, UK), Dr Tom Hudson (McGill University, ROW)
Title of project: 
Genetics of obesity.
Proposal summary: 

The present proposal seeks support for a consortium arrangement between the University of Western Australia (Australia) and the University of Bristol (UK) toconduct genetic epidemiological analyses of a unique prospective longitudinal birth cohort in order to evaluate the etiological pathways underlying the childhood precursors of T2D - obesity and metabolic factors such as IR and GI. Whilst the principal consortium members include Australian and British researchers, collaborative arrangements have also been arranged at an "as required" basis with researchers from McGill University, University of Leicester, University of Oxford, University of Cambridge and the NIDDK.

As a result of these arrangements, there is a substantial foreign component present in this proposal. As described in the Research Plan, the ALSPAC group at Bristol University will contribute their epidemiological expertise and the rich ALSPAC cohort resource, the group at the University of Western Australia will contribute their expertise in genetic epidemiology and informatics, and the groups at McGill University/Genome Quebec Innovation Center and Oxford will contribute their expertise and knowledge of high-throughput genotyping.

Over the preceding 12 months, UWA (Palmer) has coordinated the formation of the new consortium between Bristol and Perth. This role arose out collaborations and interactions between these two groups, and because of the self-evident synergies and mutually complementary skills and knowledge. Dr Palmer spent a 4 month sabbatical as a Leverhulme Trust visiting Professor with the ASLPAC group in 2005, and Dr Ness will be visiting Perth later in 2006.

The prime rationale for the involvement of the senior collaborators at Oxford (McCarthy), Cambridge (Wareham) and the NIDDK (Knowler) is their capacity to provide DNA samples from well-phenotyped studies for replication of positive signals from this study. As set out in the Research Plan, our ability to confirm positive signals by replication in multiple independent datasets is an essential part of strategy (although funding for the replication comes from each group and non-NIH sources, and no funds for this part of the project are requested in this application). In addition to supplying replication samples, these senior collaborators also provide intimate knowledge of their samples and the phenotypic characteristics relevant to T2D in their respective populations, along with specific clinical, epidemiological and genetic expertise related to T2D.

The analytic team from Bristol (Green), Oxford (Cardon), Leicester (Burton) and Perth (Palmer) represent an experienced team of senior statistical geneticists and mathematicians who collectively have a substantial amount of experience in the applied analysis of complex datasets and in methods development in biostatistics. These senior investigators and collaborators have complementary experience and interests, and a long history of collaboration and interaction on a number of projects. Current collaborations include an ongoing activity and obesity study undertaken by Dr Ness and Dr Wareham, whilst Professor Smith, Professor Burton, Dr Ness and Professor Palmer are involved in the ALSPAC programme. Based on the relevant expertise of these investigators and the high standard of current and past collaborative efforts, we believe that this is an ideal team to guide the analysis of large amounts of SNP data in the complex ALSPAC datasets.

To maximize efficiency, the project will utilize a centralized high-throughput genotyping approach. For this purpose, the Genome Quebec Innovation Centre (Montreal, Canada) has been closely involved with the development of this proposal. In addition, Dr Hudson has a long-term interest in the genetics of T2D and obesity and close collaborative links to a number of senior investigators and collaborators involved in this proposal. This made the Innovation Centre the logical partners in the development of this proposal. As their contribution to the HapMap demonstrates, the Innovation Center remains at the forefront of efforts to develop high-throughput genotyping and related analysis tools, and the commitment of their expertise and technological capacity to this project is a valuable component of our plans. All equipment and maintenance costs are covered by internal Innovation Center funds. The consequence is a cost price that is below that available from any comparable commercial or academic source. In addition to their commitment to genotyping of the ALSPAC resource, the Innovation Center will also support the genotyping and resequencing needs of our replication and follow-up studies (for which funding is not sought in this application). Finally, existing strong 3-way links between Tom Hudson's group at the Genome Quebec Innovation Center, George Davies-Smith's group at Bristol University, and Lyle Palmer's group at the University of Western Australia will facilitate information exchange between the 3 groups, enabling us to maximize the efficiency of the project. Prof Hudson will be a Visiting Professor with Prof Palmer's group in Perth in August 2006.

Date proposal received: 
Wednesday, 1 June, 2005
Date proposal approved: 
Wednesday, 1 June, 2005
Keywords: 
Genetics, Obesity
Primary keyword: 

B243 - Correlates and antecedents of receptive non-verbal skill - 01/05/2005

B number: 
B243
Principal applicant name: 
Prof Stephen Nowicki (Emory University, USA)
Co-applicants: 
Title of project: 
Correlates and antecedents of receptive non-verbal skill.
Proposal summary: 

(No outline received).

Date proposal received: 
Sunday, 1 May, 2005
Date proposal approved: 
Sunday, 1 May, 2005
Keywords: 
Speech & Language
Primary keyword: 

B240 - What makes a normal optic nerve Assessment and clarification of a unique library of digital images from a population based cohort of children aged 12 - 01/05/2005

B number: 
B240
Principal applicant name: 
Miss Cathy E M Williams (University of Bristol, UK)
Co-applicants: 
Title of project: 
What makes a normal optic nerve? Assessment and clarification of a unique library of digital images from a population based cohort of children aged 12.
Proposal summary: 

(No outline received).

Date proposal received: 
Sunday, 1 May, 2005
Date proposal approved: 
Sunday, 1 May, 2005
Keywords: 
Vision
Primary keyword: 

B239 - Cigarette smoking - and neurodevelopment - 01/05/2005

B number: 
B239
Principal applicant name: 
Miss Cathy E M Williams (University of Bristol, UK)
Co-applicants: 
Title of project: 
Cigarette smoking - and neurodevelopment.
Proposal summary: 

(No outline received).

Date proposal received: 
Sunday, 1 May, 2005
Date proposal approved: 
Sunday, 1 May, 2005
Keywords: 
Neurology, Smoking, Development
Primary keyword: 

B244 - Does maternal exposure to polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons cause intrauterine restriction An investigation of interactions between maternal smoking in pregnancy - 01/05/2005

B number: 
B244
Principal applicant name: 
Prof Tim Coleman (University of Nottingham, UK)
Co-applicants: 
Title of project: 
Does maternal exposure to polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons cause intrauterine restriction? An investigation of interactions between maternal smoking in pregnancy.
Proposal summary: 

(No outline received).

Date proposal received: 
Sunday, 1 May, 2005
Date proposal approved: 
Sunday, 1 May, 2005
Keywords: 
Environmental Exposure, Pregnancy, Smoking
Primary keyword: 

B238 - Neurodevelopmental consequences of cannabis on child adolescent development - 01/04/2005

B number: 
B238
Principal applicant name: 
Prof Jean Golding (University of Bristol, UK)
Co-applicants: 
Title of project: 
Neurodevelopmental consequences of cannabis on child & adolescent development.
Proposal summary: 

(No outline received).

Date proposal received: 
Friday, 1 April, 2005
Date proposal approved: 
Friday, 1 April, 2005
Keywords: 
Development, Substance Use
Primary keyword: 

B237 - Parenting in ordinary families diversity complexity and change - 01/04/2005

B number: 
B237
Principal applicant name: 
Prof Sarah Stewart-Brown (University of Warwick, UK)
Co-applicants: 
Title of project: 
Parenting in ordinary families ? diversity, complexity and change.
Proposal summary: 

The aim of this proposal is to add to the literature by describing parenting during early and middle childhood in different social and cultural groups: those exposed to financial stress, poor social support and specific challenges such as illness or physical disability. We plan to examine continuity and discontinuity in these contexts and describe the effects of intergenerational continuity on parenting practices.

Date proposal received: 
Friday, 1 April, 2005
Date proposal approved: 
Friday, 1 April, 2005
Keywords: 
Social Science, Parenting
Primary keyword: 

B235 - Adolescent onset conduct problems a biopsychosocial model of risk - 01/04/2005

B number: 
B235
Principal applicant name: 
Prof Barbara Maughan (King's College London, UK)
Co-applicants: 
Title of project: 
Adolescent onset conduct problems: a biopsychosocial model of risk.
Proposal summary: 

Rates of conduct problems rise sharply in the teens. Though less noxious than childhood onset

disruptiveness, adolescent conduct problems - affecting a much wider segment of the population -

nonetheless compromise later life-chances, impair relationships, and impact on both physical and mental

health. Most worrying, our research suggests that levels of adolescent conduct problems have been rising

in the UK across the last quarter of the 20th century, but that their implications for later adjustment remained

unchanged.

Much is now known about risks for early childhood conduct problems. By contrast, risks for adolescent

onset difficulties are less well understood. This proposal is designed to fill that gap, capitalizing on two key

UK data sources:

First, it will build on the rich developmental data already collected in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents

and Children (ALSPAC). Beginning in pregnancy, ALSPAC has amassed extensive developmental,

behavioural, psychological, biological and social data on a cohort of some 14,000 children. Born in 1991

and 92, the ALSPAC cohort are now entering the key risk period for adolescent onset conduct problems.

We propose new data collection at ages 15-16 which, in conjunction with existing measures, we will use (i)

to characterize trajectories of conduct problems across childhood and adolescence; (ii) to clarify risks for

adolescent onset conduct problems; and (iii) to differentiate risk profiles of early onset disruptive behaviours

that do and do not persist.

Second, we will use publically available data from the first four waves of the Edinburgh Study of Youth

Transitions and Crime (ESYTC) to complement and replicate findings on adolescent sources of risk.

Beginning in early adolescence, ESYTC has tracked a cohort of some 4300 young people annually from age

12, assessing individual, family and social influences on adolescent antisocial behaviour using measures

closely compatible with those available and planned for use in ALSPAC.

Taken together, these two complementary data sources offer valuable opportunities to advance

understanding of adolescent conduct problems and the factors most central to risk.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Summary of Health and Wealth Implications:

Child and adolescent conduct problems impose heavy burdens on individuals, their families and the wider

society. Follow-up studies consistently point to increased risks of educational and occupational

underachievement; failed relationships, family breakdown and poor parenting; and high rates of problems in

both physical and mental health. At the societal level, health economic studies highlight the financial costs

involved. Childhood conduct disorder is associated with a ten-fold increase in costs; less severe difficulties

still elevate costs by more than a factor of 3. Most worrying, our research suggests that levels of adolescent

conduct problems rose steadily in the UK across the last quarter of the 20th century, but that their impact on

later adjustment remained unchanged. Effective techniques are now available for intervention in early onset

conduct problems; much less success has been achieved with treatments beginning in the teens. Clearer

identification of risks for adolescent conduct problems promises important benefits.

Date proposal received: 
Friday, 1 April, 2005
Date proposal approved: 
Friday, 1 April, 2005
Keywords: 
Conduct Disorder , Genetics
Primary keyword: 

B234 - Childrens pathways from risk to resilience - 01/04/2005

B number: 
B234
Principal applicant name: 
Dr Peter Sidebotham (University of Warwick, UK)
Co-applicants: 
Title of project: 
Children's pathways from risk to resilience.
Proposal summary: 

(No outline received).

Date proposal received: 
Friday, 1 April, 2005
Date proposal approved: 
Friday, 1 April, 2005
Keywords: 
Risk Behaviour
Primary keyword: 

B232 - Depression in mothers and fathers in the postnatal period investigating the risks to childrens cognitive emotional and behavioural development - 01/04/2005

B number: 
B232
Principal applicant name: 
Dr Jonathan Evans (University of Bristol, UK)
Co-applicants: 
Title of project: 
Depression in mothers and fathers in the postnatal period: investigating the risks to children's cognitive, emotional and behavioural development.
Proposal summary: 

(No outline received).

Date proposal received: 
Friday, 1 April, 2005
Date proposal approved: 
Friday, 1 April, 2005
Keywords: 
Depression
Primary keyword: 

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