B4696 - Early conditions delayed adult effects and morbidity disability and mortality in modern human populations - 27/09/2024

B number: 
B4696
Principal applicant name: 
Alberto Palloni | University of WIsconsin-Madison (US)
Co-applicants: 
Mary McEniry
Title of project: 
Early conditions, delayed adult effects, and morbidity, disability and mortality in modern human populations
Proposal summary: 

This study explores the influence of the ”home obesogenic environment” on childhood obesity and, in particular, the interplay between the environmental and genetic factors. To do so, we generate a latent variable for “home environment” using domains that have been established in the literature as contributing to obesity, generating what we call the “Cultural Risk Score (CRS)”. Using two U.S. datasets, the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) and the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study and one British data set (ALSPAC), we employ Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to assess how environmental and genetic factors affect children’s BMI and how different levels of CRS can modulate genetic penetrance. Preliminary findings for the U.S. datasets indicate that dietary factors, physical activity and parental education are the most relevant domains for the home obesogenic environment. Additionally, the model reveals significant variations in genetic effects on BMI across different CRS levels, suggesting important gene-environment interactions. The CRS will be an input in a generalized stable population model and Agent Based Model whose goal is to predict future obesity trajectories.

Impact of research: 
The first potential impact is to increase knowledge about the joint role played by cultural, genetic and culture x gene interactions. To our knowledge, there does not exist a comprehensive model to achieve that. The second is a better road map to undertake interventions during critical windows and using critical factors. We suspect the CRS will overwhelm the effects of PRS for BMI but that the latter effects will change as one changes CRS.
Date proposal received: 
Monday, 23 September, 2024
Date proposal approved: 
Monday, 23 September, 2024
Keywords: 
Demography, Obesity, Statistical methods, BMI