Osteoporosis is a condition that causes bones to become fragile and more likely to fracture, even as a results of a minor bump or accident. The amount of bone accumulated from birth to young adulthood is the most important predictor of osteoporosis. Several factors influence the accrual of bone mineral during childhood and adolescence, including heredity, diet, physical activity, and endocrine status. It is postulated that risk of poor bone health may be programmed as early as in the intrauterine period. Maternal diet, exercise, and smoking, along with maternal health conditions like hypertension, diabetes, asthma, anaemia, and renal diseases, might affect fetal growth, development, and bone mineral acquisition. In vivo study showed that maternal glucose control of diabetic mother as can impact the skeletal growth and long-term bone health of their offspring.
The present study will be the first to assess the association between maternal diabetes, including pre-existing and gestational diabetes, and offspring’s bone health. Our study will provide compelling evidence as to whether maternal diabetes is associated with measures of bone health in children and young adolescence.